Ibn Taimiyya and Mongols A historical and Analytical study in the First Mamluk Era(658- 784AH/ 1260- 1382AD)
Ahmed Jawarneh and Abed Al Mouiz Asri Bani Issa, Faculty of Arts Dept. of History – Yarmouk University,Irbid, Jordan.
Abstract
In the seventh century A.H, the Islamic East region experienced acute political tumult, social corruption and degeneration, and economic deterioration that led to the collapse of the khawarimiya state 1222 and Abbasid Caliphate 1258 as well the Levant region 658/1260 ه , the Greater Syria at the hands of Holako, the Mongolian.
However, When the Mongolians entered Islam, the Mongolian leader Mahmoud Ghazan invaded the Greater Syria in 699 AH/ 1299AD, which was then along with Egypt under the Mamluk rule. While the Arab and Islamic world trusted the Mongols when they had become Muslims, the public and official attitudes toward their loyalty and true affiliation began to change. It is worth mentioning here that Ibn Taimiyyah had a strong sense of opposition against the Mongolians by deed and example.
This study is therefore an attempt to explore Ibn Taimiyya's political and military
positions toward the Mongols, and the basic principles that shaped his line of thinking, which were wholly in opposition of the Mongolian doctrines and expansion policies in the Levant region as well as Iraq in the aftermath of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad, and the Mongolian occupation of the Levant region at the hands of Mahmoud Ghazan in (699 – 702 AH 1299 / –1302 AD) The study will also explore the diplomatic as well as war efforts of Ibn Taimiyya to keep the Mongols off the Levant region, and realize the unity of Egypt and Levant countries in an attempt to liberate the Levant region from the Mongols.