Proverbs in Maqamat Badee' Al- Zaman Al- Hamadani
Hashem Al-Azam, Irbid University College.
Abstract
This research tried to emphasize the role of proverbs in enhancing psychological, literary and social issues through an artistic study of proverbs in Badee' Al- Zaman Al- Hamadani's Makamat which concentrated on the effective role of proverbs in literary contexts. The study rerealed Al- Hamadani's approach of dealing with proverbs whether they were completely included as cited in proverbs' books or referred to through the inclusion of some words of the proverbs. The study also referred to Al- Hamadani's approach of benefiting from the proverbs' artistic function as they imply rhymed prose, shortness, art of good style and the music caused by their words' rhythm as being perfect structures at linguistic and rhetoric levels. Al- Hamadani's skill was evident in his ability to make proverbs as part of his contexts as well as the objective function of the aim and pupose in which the proverbs was originally formed.
Another consideration about al- Hamadani's approach is that it reflected the function of proverbs, making use of them to a chieve his aims. He used to express proverbs in poetry in the same way as he used to say proverbs himself. The research noticed that the general nature of proverbs' inclusion was pessimistic as he attributed that to the misfortunes of life. Through his Makamat, he discussed the deteriorating Arab culture at his time. He described that by making a contrast between the past and now. He expressed his longing to the past in his makamat several times. He also discussed the human social behavior and its change due to a lot of influerces, the most powerful of which were money and power. In this context, he cast spots of light on those common diseases of his time and proverbs met Al- Hamadani's psychological needs.